In chemistry, a hydrocarbon is a compound composed of the elements carbon (C) and hydrogen atoms (H). The entire chain hydrocarbons having carbon and hydrogen atoms bonded to the chain. The term is used also as a sense of aliphatic hydrocarbons.
For example, methane (swamp gas) is a hydrocarbon with one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms: CH4. Ethane is a hydrocarbon (more specifically, an alkane) consisting of two carbon atoms are united by a single bond, each of which binds to three carbon atoms: C2H6. Propane has three C atoms (C3H8) and beyond (CnH2 · n +2)
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What are the different types of covalent bonds found in carbons compounds? Briefly explain with examples
BalasHapusaccording to the information:element carbon has four outer electrons, must form four bonds to meet oktet.Ikatan theory can occur with other carbon atoms or with other atoms such as H, N, O, S, or halogen.Saat bonding, orbitals of the individual atoms joined to form new orbitals, ie molecular orbitals. Bonds formed an element can be either ionic or covalent bonds, depending on how big the price difference electronegativity of elements that bind them. If the difference electronegativity small, as generally occurs in organic compounds, then these elements form a covalent bond. YXZorbital sorbital p
BalasHapusCovalent bonds can be divided into two, namely pure covalent and coordinate covalent bonds. In pure covalent bonding, bonding electron pair comes from two bonded atoms, whereas the covalent coordination comes from one of the bonded atoms. Based on how the orbital overlap each bonded atoms, covalent bonds are divided into two, namely, bonding sigma (σ) bonds and pi (π). Bonding sigma (σ) as a result of overlapping orbitals of the atoms along the axis of the bond, while bond pi (π) orbital overlap caused by atoms that are not are not in the bond axis. The existence of differences in orbital overlap in bond formation causes the differences in bond strength. Sigma bond is stronger or has a lower energy level than the pi bond.
in any daily use of carbon in our lives?
BalasHapusfor example :
BalasHapusCarbon monoxide is a major industrial gas that has many uses in the production of chemicals lump (bulk chemical). A number of aldehydes to yield a high volume can be produced by the hydroformylation reaction of alkenes, CO, and H2.
Methanol is produced from CO hydrogenation. In related reactions, hydrogenation of CO followed by CC bond formation, as occurs in the Fischer-Tropsch, CO dihirogenasi into liquid hydrocarbon fuels. This technology allows coal is converted into gasoline.
In the Monsanto process, carbon monoxide is reacted with methanol in the presence of a homogeneous rhodium catalyst and HI, produces acetic acid. This process is widely used in large-scale acetic acid produski industri.Karbon monoxide are the basic components of the syngas that is often used for the power industry. Carbon monoxide is also used in the nickel refining process.
Uses of Carbon Dioxide
- Carbon dioxide is a material pepejal liquid and air is important, especially in the food industry, where it is used during transportation and storage [aiskrim]] and other frozen foods.
Plants need carbon dioxide to undergo photosynthesis, and green house gas may mengkayakan atmosphera them with additional CO2 stimulates plant growth.